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Peltier Effect (TEC) Seebeck Effect (TEG) Piezo Electric Effect
Thermoelectrics is the science and technology associated with thermoelectric converters, that is, the generation of electrical power by the Seebeck effect and refrigeration by the Peltier effect.

Thermoelectric generators are being used in increasing numbers to provide electrical power in medical, military, and deep space applications where combinations of their desirable properties outweigh their relatively high cost and low generating efficiency. In recent years there also has been an increase in the requirement for thermoelectric coolers (Peltier devices) for use in infrared detectors and in optical communications.

Piezo Electrics
Piezo Electric devices as Motor/Generators, Infrared detectors, Acoustic Detectors, Generators

Applications:
Ultrasonic cleaning, Sonar, Stereo speakers, Accelerometers, Micro positioners, Motion detectors, Buzzers, Alarms, Microphones, Gas igniters, 
Manufacturers, ThermoElectrics: 
Hi-Z Technology
Melcor     Analysis software (AZTEC)		 Organizations;
EGSA
Manufacturers, Piezo:
Piezo Systems, Inc.
FACE
NTK		 Tutorials:
Piezo             Book List
Piezo Motor
ThermoElectric Cooler
Peltier Effect
Thermoelectric Materials: 
Bismuth Telluride, 
Antimony Telluride, 
and Their Solid Solutions 
TEC Schematic showing Hot side/Cold side Relationship 
TEC Plot Showing Optimum Power Input to Cooling Efficiency

 
ThermoElectric Generator
Seebeck Effect
Thermoelectric Materials: 
Bismuth Telluride, 
Antimony Telluride, 
and Their Solid Solutions 
Delta Temperature in Electric power Out

 
Piezo Bender

 
The Piezo Electric Effect was first discovered in 1880 by Pierre and Jacques Curie. Some of the materiels they found Piezo properties in were crystals of tourmaline, quartz, topaz, cane sugar and Rochelle salts.

Applications:
Piezoceramic signal filters, from simple ceramic resonators to selective I.F. bandpass filters to very efficient SAW filters used as R.F. preselect filtering for applications in television, radio, and communications equipment; and piezoceramic igniters for natural gas/butane appliances; audio buzzers (smoke alarms), air ultrasonic transducers used in intrusion alarms, auto focus cameras, electronic 'tape measure.'
Ultrasonic cleaning, Sonar, Stereo speakers, Accelerometers, Micro positioners, Motion detectors, Buzzers, Alarms, Microphones, Gas igniters,